A Report on Exploring Distribution Channel of Grameen Phone

A Report on Exploring Distribution Channel of Grameen Phone i A Report on Exploring Distribution Channel of Grameen Phone Submitted To Dr. Md. Baktiar Rana Course Title: Marketing Channel Management Course Code: MKT 403 Submitted By Aniqa Tahsin Anchal(787) Md. Shafaeth Zaman(802) Nafiz Imtiaz Noor(816) Md. Ashiqul Islam(1332) Md. Aftarul Islam(1981) Date of Submission 22nd February, 2014 Institute of Business Administration, Jahangirnagar University ii LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL February 22, 2014 Dr. Md. Baktiar Rana Course Instructor Marketing Channel Management (MKT 403) Institute of Business Administration , Jahangirnagar University Subject: Submission of report on Distribution Channel†¦show more content†¦areas among Channel Participants of Telecommunication Industry 9.0 Power Structure 10.0 Strategic Alliance 11.0 Strengths over the closest competitors 12.0 Threats of alternative or breakthrough distribution channel due to the technological advancement Vii 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 11 11 12 16 16 17 17 17 18 18 19 20 21 23 23 24 25 25 27 29 31 33 33 34 34 35 12.1 Possible threats 12.2 Some recommended steps 13.0 Recommendations 14.0 Conclusions References v 36 37 38 39 40 LIST OF TABLES Table 1- SWOT Analysis of GP, Banglalink, Robi Table 2-Technology structure of Telecom Industry in Bangladesh Table 3-Top 6 mobile operators of Bangladesh Table 4-Service Output demand template Table 5-Degree of rivalry within industry industry attractiveness 12 13 16 28 35 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Mobile Market shares as of September 2010 Figure 2: Mobile Operator’s Subscribers(million) Figure 3: Market Share(Subscribers) Figure 4: Market Share (Revenue) Figure 5: Revenue (Bn BDT)/EBITDA Margin Figure 6: Mobile CompaniesProfit after tax(Bn BDT) Figure 7: Mobile company’s EBITDA CAPEX(BN BDT) Figure 8: Mobile Operator’s ARPU-BDT Figure 9: GrameenPhone’s district coverage Figure 10: Geographical coverage of Grameen Phone Figure 11: Strategic position map of Grameen Phone Figure 12: Grameen Phone’s Market Boundary Diagram Figure 13: Industry distribution System Figure 14: Grameenphone’s yearlyShow MoreRelatedCore Banking Solutions12901 Words   |  52 Pagesthe Project Work: The major objectives of this project work are to: †¢ To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of CBS over traditional banking system †¢ To explore the technology used in CBS with special reference to Shreyas Grameen Bank. †¢ To identify and discuss various issues related with the automization of Banks. †¢ To define various Core Banking Services provided by Indian Banks. †¢ To identify and determine the causes of CBS becoming a nightmareRead MoreAn Analysis of Marketing Competitive Strategies Adopted by Hindustan Unilever Limited in Rural Area9906 Words   |  40 PagesCompetitive strategies adopted by Hindustan Unilever Limited in Rural Area† submitted to the Devi Ahilya University. in partial fulfillment for the award of the Degree of MASTER OF BUSINISS ADMINISTRATION IN MARKETING MANAGEMENT HR and that the Project Report has not previously formed the basis for the award of any other degree, Diploma, Associate ship, Fellowship or other title. Place: Indore SUMIT WASNIK Date:Read MoreStudy on Customer Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction at Credit Card in the Context of Prime Bank Limited†12516 Words   |  51 PagesMohakhali C/A, Dhaka 1212 Date: 18 December 2008 To Whom It May Concern This is to certify that Shahriar Hossain is a BBA student of East West University. In the Fall- 2008 semester, he has taken the course Bus. 499, which requires a formal report on a specific topic or on a specific organization after completing a three months of work experience. For this purpose, he requires to gather relevant information about the chosen organization. It is worth mentioning that the gathered information

Children learn in a variety of ways Free Essays

string(147) " used to help schools in the scene of mark classs and ability grouping without the coaching antecedently experienced in readying for SAT ‘s\." In order to see why some kids are more successful as scholars than others it is necessary to see how success is to be defined. This is a peculiarly hard inquiry as a practician within an English secondary school, where two definitions presently persist. The National Curriculum ( the statutory model for instruction in England ) defines successful scholars as pupils who possess certain accomplishments[ I ]( see appendix A ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Children learn in a variety of ways or any similar topic only for you Order Now This would connote that within English schools kids are deemed to be successful scholars depending upon whether they have developed the identified accomplishments. The accomplishments listed are non specific to any one topic and as such there is no demand for scholars to finish any traditional academic class. However, English schools are measured and judged by the criterions set by consecutive authoritiess. The current authorities has decided that a school ‘s success will be judged based upon their pupils ‘ public presentation in specified GCSE topics[ two ]( 5 A*-C GCSE ‘s including English, Maths, Science, Modern Foreign Language and History or Geography ) . This clearly shifts the focal point within English school from the accomplishments of successful larning back towards public presentation in traditional academic topics. Within this assignment a successful scholar shall be considered to be a pupil who achieves the English Baccalaureate. The writer acknowledges that the authorities ‘s current definition of success is controversial, non least of all as a consequence of the inclusion or exclusion of specific classs of survey. However this definition seems likely to be at the head of educational reform for the foreseeable hereafter and as such is of specific involvement to new practicians. This assignment seeks to critically analyze the consequence of theories of intelligence upon the success of a scholar. It is acknowledged that intelligence research is a monolithic field and that hence this assignment can non measure the full range of research. The focal point of this assignment will stay steadfastly grounded in the deductions of theories within instruction. If intelligence, nevertheless defined, were the lone finding factor upon the success of scholars so a simple trial should be able to accurately foretell the educational results for every kid around the universe. This is clearly non the instance. Individual pupils interact with the universe, and accordingly, the instruction system in a assortment of different ways. There are legion factors impacting upon this interaction which autumn outside of the range of this assignment. Nevertheless it is of import to retrieve that pupils ‘ ultimate success at school can be earnestly affected by factors such as the pupil ‘s motive, their cultural background and any Particular Educational Needs. By definition, it is clear that the whether or non a pupil achieves the English Baccalaureate does non take into history the single differences between scholars. There is no universally acknowledged definition of intelligence. A simple hunt in the Oxford English Dictionary reveals legion definitions, supported by quotation marks within written English dating back every bit far as the 1300 ‘s[ three ]. The word itself holds a curious topographic point within society, its importance is revered and yet its significance can non be easy defined. So what is intelligence? At its most limited definition, â€Å" intelligence is what intelligence trials step †[ four ]. A individual ‘s public presentation on a set on unrelated specified undertakings. However in order to follow this definition of intelligence it is necessary to cognize what it is that intelligence trials really test. At the clip that Boring made his statement ( 1932 ) his statement was genuinely round, neither he nor anyone else at the clip knew what the trials measured[ V ]. In regard of the deductions of intelligence theories on instruction trials began to be developed in France around 1904. Such trials were devised by psychologists such as Binet to foretell ‘success ‘ within the Parisian School system, to the extent that he abandoned the usage of any trial which did non separate between the kids irrespective of its conformity with his vague and traditional theory of intelligence. It would look that Binet ‘s work was non based upon any fresh theory of intelligence, simply the practical job of screening kids into those who could and could non execute in a traditional school scene. Binet ‘s ensuing trial was weighted towards mensurating verbal memory, verbal logical thinking, numerical logical thinking, grasp of logical sequences and an ability to province how one would work out the jobs of day-to-day life. An person ‘s trial mark age was so compared to their existent age. This work formed the footing of Stern ‘s develo pment of the â€Å" intelligence quotient † . The success envisioned by Binet and the Gallic Government at the clip is really similar to the success required by the current UK authorities. Therefore such trials will go on to be a forecaster of success today. Given Binet ‘s attack to the development of his trial, it would look that despite being credited as the Godhead of the first intelligence trial he was in fact the Godhead of a standardized appraisal trial. In recent old ages at that place has been increasing concerns over the impact of national trials. Standardized appraisal trials have been dropped at Key Stage 3 wholly and reduced to merely trials in English and Mathematics at Key Stage 2. In 2010 many primary schools took the extra measure of boycotting the national trials, directing their pupils to secondary schools with Teacher Assessed Levels. Whilst many argue that instructor appraisal leads to better truth than trials for which pupils are extensively prepared, how so can it be the instance that while many instructors are reasoning against the usage of SAT trials in UK schools, they continue to utilize the information provided from intelligence and cognitive ability trials. The usage of intelligence and cognitive intelligence proving within UK schools has increased dramatically within recent old ages. Within this field there are two chief trials which a big figure of pupils presently sit ( CAT and MidYIS/YeLIS ) . These trials are frequently used to help schools in the scene of mark classs and ability grouping without the coaching antecedently experienced in readying for SAT ‘s. You read "Children learn in a variety of ways" in category "Essay examples" Despite this being normal pattern in many schools, it remains controversial. The usage of such trials within schools strengthens the position of intelligence and intelligence-style trials as simply a method of finding success in school. The thought of ‘intelligence proving ‘ has been developed well in the United States since Binet ‘s original work and is now applied in a assortment of different ways, frequently with terrorizing consequences. The writers of The Bell Curve sparked monolithic contention with their work sing the IQ tonss of cultural groups within the United States. Their work seamed to back up the position that intelligence was unconditioned, that it could non be altered and that people with low IQ ‘s caused the jobs within society. This has caused monolithic concern around the universe and the potency for this system to be used to warrant societal segregation or worse can non be ignored. Whilst it is outside the range of this assignment to to the full measure the ongoing nature versus raising argument, it is the writer ‘s position that if a pupil can be ‘coached ‘ to better their consequences on the SAT ‘s trials so it is imaginable that they could be ‘coached ‘ to better their mark on an IQ trial. In response to the publication of ‘The Bell Curve ‘ concern began to turn sing the limited nature of intelligence, as measured by the ‘intelligence quotient ‘ , and any cultural prejudice within the trials. What is valued within a peculiar civilization has monolithic deductions of the development of its people and its construct of intelligence. The original intelligence trials were devised with Western school success in head and early illustrations contain clearly cultural and socio-economic based inquiries. In visible radiation of this concerns sing the US-centric intelligence research Stern berg kind to see the deductions of civilization upon theories of intelligence. In his article Culture, direction, and assessment Sternberg looked at his and other research workers work sing the impact of civilization. The research indicates that ; the act of assessment itself can impact upon an person ‘s public presentation as different civilizations have different outlooks of how they will be assessed, that persons in different civilizations may believe about constructs and jobs in different ways, that public presentation is improved when the stuff being assessed is familiar and meaningful to them, that academic accomplishments are non every bit valued in all civilizations peculiarly where certain practical accomplishments and cognition help them last in their environment. Whilst researching in Africa Sternberg found that many of the traditional positions of intelligence, valued in western so ciety, were frequently considered ‘stupid ‘ in different civilizations i.e. it was non the instance that they could non screen the points as required by the trial but they thought that do so was a mark of stupidity. In response to this find Sternberg developed his theory of successful intelligence ; nevertheless it is non the lone theoretician to review the current system culturally-loaded attack. Gardner MI â€Å" puting logic and linguistic communication on a pedestal reflects the values of our Western civilization and the great premium placed on the familiar trials of intelligence. † These cultural differences can non be forgotten and may function to foreground a failure on the portion of the Bell Curve to look into the grounds for the differences they identified. In a multicultural society how can we be certain that the trials are appropriate for the pupils sitting them? It is argued by the writer that without extended research into the cultural cogency of trials such as CAT and MidYIS, their consequences may take to pupils losing out on chances whilst could otherwise be unfastened to them. Whilst there has been increasing usage of intelligence proving within schools in recent old ages for all students, it has frequently been used to name larning disablements. What deductions for ADHD etc if a wide definition of intelligence had been accepted â€Å" adaptation to the environment † . Such trials are frequently performed by educational psychologists utilizing US-centric trial systems. In response to the increasing desire to label persons as ‘unintelligent ‘ due to their single differences, theories began to spread out the traditional position. Sternberg the â€Å" inclination to blend tonss on trials of intelligence with some sort of personal value † ( 2003b p13 ) . Many theoreticians have purported to follow a wider attack to the significance of intelligence, nevertheless few have really sort to use this to their ain actions or trials. A authoritative illustration of this can be found in the plants of Wechsler, who gives his name to a really traditional manner intelligence trial. Wechsler describes intelligence as â€Å" the sum or planetary capacity of the person to move purposefully, to thin rationally and to cover efficaciously with his environment † ( 1958 p7 ) . However his trial does non reflect this position. This highlights the trouble in inventing trials which match broader theories of intelligence. Given the jobs associated with traditional theories of intelligence, which all excessively frequently focused merely on accomplishments which are valued in the peculiar parts of society, theorists kind to promote a lodger position of intelligence. Sternberg â€Å" the clip possibly has come to spread out our impression and everyone ‘s impression of what it means to be intelligent † ( 2003b p 69 ) . This is an interesting pick of phrasing. It implies that it is non merely theorists which need to spread out their impression ‘of what it means to be intelliegent ‘ but the general populace every bit good. Sternberg proposed his theory of successful intelligence, backed by international research, to explicate why some of the most successful persons in the universe are non considered to be traditionally intelligent. â€Å" A cardinal facet of the theory is that success is defined in footings of a individual ‘s single ends with the context in which that individual lives, instead than in footings of more generalized ends that somehow are supposed to use to everyone. † TFSI â€Å" no affair how good traditional psychometric or cognitive theories account for public presentation on intelligence trials, they seem non to travel much beyond the trials in footings of their ability to account for intelligence in the mundane universe † p.317 â€Å" The triarchic theory is an effort to history for, in a individual theory, what in the yesteryear has been accounted for by multiple theories frequently perceived to be in struggle with each other. † P.325 â€Å" The point to be made, so is that intelligence is non a individual thing ; It comprises a really broad array of cognitive and other accomplishments. Our purpose in theory, research, and measuring ought to be to specify what these accomplishments are and to larn how best to measure and develop them, non to calculate out a manner to unite them into a individual, perchance nonmeaningful figure. â€Å" p. 327 p.335 beyond IQ â€Å" many bing theories of intelligence are uncomplete instead than incorrect † p.328 â€Å" each of the three subtheories of the triachic theory has received at least some empirical proof and amplification, although more empirical research and theory development are clearly needed. † p.334 â€Å" Our research, like that of others, is hindered by the deficiency of entirely satisfactory exeternal standards against which to formalize our theories and steps. † The trouble with bring forthing a wider theory of intelligence is at what point do you halt? What is included and what is non? Where is the line to be drawn? It would look that Sternberg believes that within the US the broadening of intelligence has gone excessively far. â€Å" In U.S. society, cognitive accomplishments have become practically equated with rational skills- the mental bases of intelligence. This equation is a error. † ( Sternberg, wisdom, Intelligence and Creativity synthesized 2003b ) On this point there is one theoretician who has been to a great extent criticised for spread outing this theory excessively far. Howard Gardner appears to hold an of all time turning list of ‘intelligences ‘ each one more vague and abstract that the following, many overlapping with his old classs. The chief expostulation which many people have of Gardner is his usage of the word ‘intelligence ‘ to depict what many would prefer to be known as abilities, accomplishments, endowments or capacities. In response to such unfavorable judgment Gardner explained that he realised, â€Å" that each of these words harboured booby traps, I eventually elected to take the bold measure of allowing a word from psychological science and stretching it in new ways aˆÂ ¦ I was suggesting an enlargement of the term intelligence so that it would embrace many capacities that had been considered outside its range † ( 1999 p33,34 ) . â€Å" There is nil charming about the word â€Å" intelligence † . I have intentionally chosen it to fall in issue with those psychologists who consider logical logical thinking or lingual competency to be on a different plane that musical problem-solving or bodily-kinesthetic aptitude. † ( Multiple intelligences ) â€Å" To name some â€Å" endowment † and some â€Å" intelligence † shows this prejudice. Name them all â€Å" endowments † if you wish ; or name the all â€Å" intelligences † . † â€Å" I think of an intelligence as a biopsychological potency. That is, all members of the species have the possible to exert a set of rational modules of which the species is capable. † â€Å" When I wrote Frames of Mind, I was excessively promiscuous in the usage of the term intelligence, and I applied it in countries where it would hold been preferred to deploy other nomenclature. † Cogency of MI â€Å" it surveys a broad assortment of independent research traditions: neurology, particular populations, development, psychometries, anthropology, development, and so on. The theory is a merchandise of the synthesis of this study. † â€Å" the contention that MI is non theory until the experiments are performed is indefensible. † â€Å" If other researches, looking at the same empirical informations or at new empirical informations, were to come up with a list of modules that were better supported, the current versions of MI theory would be called into inquiry. If there turned out to be a important correlativity among theses modules, as measured by appropriate appraisals, the supported independency of the modules would be invalidated. Furthermore, the theory could be partly disconfirmed on any figure of finer points. Possibly one or more of the campaigner intelligences will be found to be inadequately justified based on farther reappraisal. Possibly there are campaigners that I have non considered. Or possibly the intelligences are non about every bit independent as claimed. Each of these options can be through empirical observation verified and can supply agencies for disconfirming or redeveloping the theory, although in the instance of certain alteration, there might still be some public-service corporation to the theory itself. † The writer would travel as far to province that Howard Garner has non created a list of intelligences, but yet another list of larning manners. This averment is supported by the overplus of articles and books written on the topic in the US and throughout the universe. The application of the theory to the schoolroom puting reads merely as any text on acquisition manners, speaking about holding an consciousness of kids ‘s single form of intelligences, of learning in such a manner that all students have entree to the information in their preferable manner and of developing countries where kids may demo a failing. Sternberg ‘s work is besides non immune from such unfavorable judgment, in his work sing learning for successful intelligence besides describes the theory in a really similar manner to that of acquisition manners. â€Å" The theory of successful intelligence holds that some pupils who do non make good in conventional classs may, in fact, have the ability to win, if they are taught in a manner that is a better tantrum to their forms of abilities. † Teaching for successful intelligence. â€Å" One of the most utile things a instructor can make is to assist a pupil figure out how to do the most of what he or she does good, and to happen ways around what he or she does non make so good. † Coffield ‘s work in this country has found that there are far excessively many accounts of larning manners. How to cite Children learn in a variety of ways, Essay examples

What Is ‘Bureaucracy’ and Do We Live in a Post-Bureaucratic World free essay sample

What is ‘bureaucracy’ and do we live in a post-bureaucratic world? The term ‘bureaucracy’ was coined in the 18th century by the French economist Vincent de Gournay (Morgan, 1989). However, it was the German sociologist Max Weber, in the early 20th century, who defined and expanded its meaning and indeed maintained that it was the only effective way to organize work. The view of rational-legal authority is the premise of Weber’s bureaucracy theory. A bureaucracy is a large organization using a particular system of administration. This system is characterized by a hierarchy of authority, a division of duties, strict rules of operation and documentation of actions performed. In other words, the system has a rigid structure in which the coordination of tasks is done via standardization of work. Bureaucracies are most often associated with governments, but any large entity, such as a corporation or school district, can be bureaucratic in nature. We will write a custom essay sample on What Is ‘Bureaucracy’ and Do We Live in a Post-Bureaucratic World? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The bureaucratic structure might be expected by lower or middle managers. In bureaucratic organizations, the offices and workers at the lower levels are strictly subject to rules and regulations so that the managers deal with problems more easily (Blau, 1968). Thus, there are low requirements for their innovation ability, decision making and work experience. However, very little authority resides at lower or middle management levels. This is because power commonly rests in the hands of the top executives and the designers of workflow processes (Miller, 1986). On balance, if lower or middle managers are not concerned with the power they will have, they will expect this sort of structure to a large extent. However, some bureaucratic dysfunction can’t be ignored. Firstly, it don’t care about ethics, they are just about getting the job done as quickly as possible. Secondly, in the pure bureaucracy, there is an ethic of fairness, transparency, accountability. However, the actual bureaucracies do not embody this ethic. Crozier’s (1964) mentioned that bureaucrats continue to indulge their own prejudices and preferences in their conduct. Some scholars have pointed out that we are entering the post-bureaucratic society now. In my opinion, it cannot be seen like this. There are few identifications of post-bureaucratic organization in the literature. Even, Heckscher/Applegate (1994) admits that he can find no developed exemplars of it. In addition, it is a unwarranted generalization. When examples of what are deemed to be post-bureaucratic organizational practices are cited, they are unwarrantedly treated as evidence of an epoch. Some epochalists regard local instances as examples of the supposedly widespread whilst others acknowledge that these practices are uncommon but see them as prognostic, as signs of an emerging future as â€Å"advanced examples† Moreover, All periodizations should be rooted in a disciplined theory of continuity and change which should identify how, when, and where powerful historical forces interact to generate the supposed change and its velocity (Green, 1995; Harris, 1998; Hill et al. 2000). But in the epochalist literature explanation – if provided of the supposed cause of radical change is shallowly limited to one or other force – assumed to be determining. More generically, the underlying philosophy of instrumental rationality and control remains firmly in the ascendant in post-bureaucracy. This means that the post- bureaucratic revolution is extremely unlikely to succeed.

Spray Gun Useage Essay Research Paper EM free essay sample

Spray Gun Useage Essay, Research Paper EM 380 Professional Spray Gun Spray guns may non look to play an of import portion in the edifice building industry but their velocity, efficiency and cost effectivity all combine to do this power tool built-in for builders everyplace. The spray gun can be used for a broad assortment of undertakings runing from painting a little cabinet, to a mid-sized shed, to a big room. Its? basic? point, trigger, spray? pattern allows virtually anyone to utilize it, and provides them with faster, more efficient consequences than if they? vitamin D used a coppice. This spray gun provides even coats by spraying every bit good a form as allowed by the user. Of class if you have rickety custodies, or wear? t clean your tips and parts on a regular basis, so you will non acquire the coveted consequences. By lapping your shots about 50 % over the old shot, you can achieve unvarying pigment thickness. We will write a custom essay sample on Spray Gun Useage Essay Research Paper EM or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When trying a professional coating it? s best to travel right-to-left and so left-to-right ( or vise-versa depending on which manus you are utilizing ) . Technical information below shows the type of motor, capacity of motor and pump, and the chief wetted constituents Electric Motor: 0.5 horsepower, 1725 revolutions per minute, 115v, 60 HzAC, individual usage stage with automatic reset thermal overload switch. Paint Pump: 2500 pounds per square inch ( 172 saloon ) upper limit working force per unit area ; 0.33gpm end product. Components: Delrin, Teflon, Leather, Stainless Steel, Polyethylene, Tungsten Carbide, Polyurethane, Nylon, Aluminum, Nitralloy. To do certain your spray gun is in premier O perating status, you need to do certain to blush your system before and after every usage and to follow a few basic guidelines outlined below. -When foremost linking hosiery and gun, do certain the sprayer is non plugged in and that the tip is non yet installed. -Make certain the wadding nut on the pump is supplied with pharynx seal liquid. -Make certain the systems? ON/OFF switch is OFF before stop uping it in. -Keep force per unit area control boss on the lowest scene. -Make certain your pump has been flushed, and that there is no left over residue from the cleansing agent. -When the pigment suction tubing is inside the bucket of pigment, and your drain valve is closed, allow off the trigger safety and squeezing into a metal waste container to coerce out the air. -Now remove the retaining nut from the gun and put in the tip. Re-tighten retaining nut by manus, and so give a one-quarter bend with a twist. After you adjust the spray form you are ready to get down painting. By following the stairss outlined on the old page and by maintaining the gun 12 to 14 inches off at a perpendicular angle to your surface, you should stop up with a great finished merchandise. Although the spray gun may non be every bit convenient as a coppice on little undertakings, it gives an advantage when used on big 1s such as suites. By taking the gun to the centre of a corner to spray you acquire an equally sprayed corner. The velocity and scope make this tool popular for place usage around the universe. Remember to pattern safety with oculus protection and to maintain as much tegument covered as possible. Have merriment chumps

Definition and Examples of Derivational Morphemes

Definition and Examples of Derivational Morphemes When youre talking about biology, morphology is defined as the branch of study that deals with the form and structure of organisms and their unique structural features. Linguists often think of language as a living thing because, like a biological life form, it is reshaped by external forces acting on its structure and also changes over time. Linguistic morphology, then, is the study of how words are formed and how they relate to other words in a common language. Much the same way a biologist might study the phenomenon of metamorphosis, a linguist might study a word and its component parts to learn how its structure and meaning have evolved. In grammar, a derivational morpheme is an  affix- a group of letters added before the beginning (prefix) or after the end (suffix)- of a root or base word to create a new word or a new form of an existing word. Adding Derivational Morphemes Adding a derivational morpheme often changes the grammatical category or part of speech of the root word to which it is added. For example, adding ful to the noun beauty changes the word into an adjective (beautiful), while  replacing the e with er at the end of the verb merge changes it into a noun (merger). The form of a word that results from adding a derivational morpheme is known as a derived word or a derivative. You can add derivational morphemes to free morphemes, which are those words that cant be divided into smaller component parts and retain meaning. Most one-syllable words in the English language are free morphemes. For instance, in the sentence: I hit the man on his head, each of the words is a free morpheme that cant be broken down into smaller parts. To give the sentence a more precise meaning, I could toss in a derivational morpheme. By adding the prefix fore to the word head the reader now knows which part of the head the man was hit on. Not only does it give the precise location of the injury, it indicates a greater potential for harm since the forehead is a very sensitive part of the human anatomy. You can also add more than one derivational morpheme to a root word to create several different meanings. For example, the verb transform consists of the root word form and a derivational morpheme, the prefix trans. By adding the derivational morpheme ation as a suffix, transform becomes the noun transformation. But you dont have to stop there. By adding another derivational morpheme suffix al after ation, you can create the adjective transformational. Inflectional Morphemes vs. Derivational Morphemes Inflectional morphemes  define certain aspects pertaining to the grammatical function of a word. There are only eight inflectional morphemes in the English language- and they’re all suffixes. The two inflectional morphemes that can be added to nouns are -’s (apostrophe s) to indicate the possessive case and -es to indicate the plural case. The four inflections that can be added to verbs are -(e)d to indicate past tense, -ing to indicate the present participle, -en, to represent the past participle, and –s, for the third person singular. The two inflections can be added to adjectives are: -er, for the comparative and -est, for the superlative. Unlike inflectional affixes, the potential number of derivational affixes in the English language is limited only by the scope of the vocabulary of a given speaker or writer. As a result, it would impossible to create a comprehensive list of derivational morphemes but we can look at a few representative examples. In American English when suffixes such as -ize or -ful are added to a noun, the noun becomes the corresponding verb, as in cannibalize, vaporize, mesmerize, helpful, playful, thoughtful, and so on. When the suffix -ize is added to an adjective, the words are transformed into verbs: realize, finalize, vitalize, etc. Some Morphemes are Both Inflectional and Derivational Meanwhile, some inflectional morphemes, specifically -ed, -en, -er, -ing, and -ly, can take on on characteristics of derivational morphemes. For example, the suffix -er can function as both an inflectional and a derivational morpheme. In its inflectional capacity, -er is added to adjectives to indicate the comparative as in thicker, describing something that has additional mass. As a derivational morpheme, -er gets a lot of use in the production of forming new nouns. Such morphemes when attached to root verbs form nouns such as farmer to describe someone who performs the action indicated by the verb. When -er is added to a root adjective, a noun is formed: as in homesteader, which describes someone in terms of the quality denoted by the adjective. When -er is added to a nominal root noun, the meaning of the resulting noun is incorporated in the modified word. Take the word freighter for example. The root word freight has been modified, however, the definition of the new noun freighter- a type of vessel used to transport freight- retains the quality denoted by the original noun. Sources Hamawand, Zeki. Morphology in English: Word Formation in Cognitive Grammar. Continuum, 2011Remson, Lynne Hebert. Oral Language from Literacy for the New Millennium, ed. by Barbara J. Guzzetti. Praeger, 2007Parker, Frank and Riley, Kathryn. Linguistics for Non-Linguists, 2nd ed. Allyn and Bacon, 1994

Cancer

Cancer Essay The problem is cancer. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world and my interest in the subject is simple. My mother is the most resilient person I have ever met. Any time I need any kind of inspiration, I need only to think of her. When she was eighteen she was diagnosed with Hodgkins disease. The doctors gave her a less than thirty percent chance of living. Since then she has had cancer three other times. Breast cancer twice in 85 and 90, and most recently, colon cancer two summers ago. She has had many different treatments including chemo and radiation therapy as well as surgery to remove lumps in both breasts and her colon. What is cancer? There are more than 100 different types of cancer. It occurs when cells become abnormal and divide without control or order. Normally, cells divide in an orderly way to produce more cells only when the body needs them. If cells keep dividing when new cells are not needed, a mass of tissue forms. This mass of extra tissue, called a growth or tumor, can be benign or malignant. (National Institute of Health) Benign tumors are not cancer. They do not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body. Benign tumors usually can be removed and are seldom a threat to life. Malignant tumors are cancer. They can invade and damage nearby tissues and organs. Cancer can also break away from a malignant tumor and enter the bloodstream and lymphatic system. Through the lymphatic system is one of cancers best modes of transport for spreading to form new tumors in other parts of the body. The spread of cancer is called metastasis. Malignant tumors must be treated or will be fa tal. There are many treatments for cancer. Among these are radiation, chemotherapy, surgery and the rapidly growing field of genetic therapy. It was discovered that when radioactive waves were directed on human cells, the cells would be destroyed. The idea of using this technology on cancer was a good one but was unsuccessful at first due to the damage caused to surrounding tissues. Then the analogy drawn from a simple story gave insight on how to focus the rays on the cancer and not harm the surrounding tissues and organs. The story goes like this. A small country was ruled from a strong fortress by a dictator. The fortress was situated in the middle of the country, surrounded by farms and villages. Many roads led to the fortress through the countryside. A rebel general vowed to capture the fortress. The general knew that an attack by his entire army would capture the fortress. He gathered his army at the head of one of the roads, ready to launch a full-scale direct attack. However, the general then learned that the dictator had planted mines on each of the roads. The mines were set so that small bodies of men could pass over them safely, since the dictator needed to move his troops and workers to and from the fortress. However, any large force would detonate the mines. Not only would this blow up the road, but it would also destroy many neighboring villages. It therefore seemed impossible to capture the fortress. However, the general devised a simple plan. He divided his army into small groups and dispatched each group to the head of a different road. When all were ready he gave the signal and each group marched down a different road. Each group continued down its road to the fortress so that the entire army arrived together at the fortress at the same time. In this way, the general was able to capture the fortress and overthrow the dictator. READ: Picasso Persuasive EssayThis simple story was the basis for intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). This is a technique used to treat cancerous tumors on which a removal operation could not be performed. Interesting dose distributions generated by IMRT allow a better sparing of normal tissues with decreased acute and late toxicity, and offer a window for further dose escalations. (De Neve W; Claus F; Van Houtte P; Derycke S; De Wagter C) In order to get a radiation beam of high enough intensity to hit

Literature review 8 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 8000 words

8 - Literature review Example By addressing issues such as of poverty, microfinance and its impact on and gender/power relations and women's empowerment, this study will attempt to inscribe itself into broader discourses and debates concerning equity and equality, gendered inequalities, power relations, women's economic and social empowerment as they are impacted by microfinance. Saudi Arabia is an undisguised, self-evident patriarchal state; this study aims at investigating the positive and negative implications microfinance bears on the Saudi female clients. By studying the initiative Bab Rizq Jameel (BRJ)1, and examining its underlying principles, rational accomplishments and goals, this study aims to examine its effects on power relations, decision-making and bargaining power in the household. This case study of microfinance in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia aspires to unfold an important and lacking dimension to the current debates surrounding gender and development in developing countries particularly in relat ion to debates surrounding gender equality2 vs. ... There have been continual debates on whether microfinance can be considered as a savior to poverty-stricken women from oppression and gendered inequalities or whether having access to micro-financial resources can empower women economically and socially. ‘Studies generally suggest the poorest seldom benefit from microcredit, while the middle and upper poor benefit the most (Maclsaac, 1997). This doesn’t apply to the case in Saudi Arabia because the BRJ scheme is a charity-based approach that is Shari’aa compliant (offering interest-free loans). There is a debate between whether microfinance can help promote gender-equality vs. gender equity. (See footnotes 2 & 3 for the difference) In the case of Saudi Arabia, gender equality would be an ideological scenario, given the religious, cultural and traditional framework in which there impoverished women operate. Gender equity is more of an attainable goal in this context. Furthermore, there are heated debates surroundin g the issue of microfinance being regarded a tool to facilitate women’s empowerment. A recent study in Bangladesh concluded that microfinance politically, ‘does not directly challenge any official views that subjugate women, nor that any hard evidence was found to prove that microcredit credit promotes empowerment or supports women’s liberation ’ (Faraizi et al., 2011). This study is particularly useful to this research because in many ways Saudi Arabia shares commonalities with the religious framework in Bangladesh; where Islamists in high positions of power officially subscribe to unequal rights for women. Whereby, any contrasting, disparate voices against the patriarchal dominant voice are silenced. (Faraizi et al., 2011) In the kingdom of

Aristotle and the humanities Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Aristotle and the humanities - Research Paper Example The Greek philosopher Aristotle made contributions to the humanities through his ideas about art, as well as philosophy, specifically through his ideas regarding ethics and politics. When it came to art, Aristotle’s Poetics was an answer to Plato’s accusation against the artists for their alleged destruction of rational harmony, as stated in the Republic (Wolff 64). In the field of ethics, Aristotle’s Nichomachean Ethics provided the basis for showing how to live one’s life in the virtuous way and helped people of his times decide on which things were more important in their lives and what they could do to make them better.Lastly, it is a fact that ancient Greece during Aristotle’s time was a period of confusion – a time of war among city-states who fought for territorial expansion, a time for poverty and slavery, and a time when the nobility never shared their power with their constituents (â€Å"Explore Greece†). In order to address the current situation and the pressing need for â€Å"order, security and peace† amidst â€Å"the turmoil and disaster that had come out of Athenian democracy† (Durant 80), Aristotle wrote his Politics. Aristotle is relevant to the humanities because his works helped address the aesthetic, ethical and political dilemmas surrounding the Greek society in the 4th century BC, and helped shaped the thinking of the Greeks during his time as well as that of the world at present. Aesthetics: Poetics Aristotle’s rationale as to aesthetics is that â€Å"art takes us closer to essential form, not farther away† (Wolff 65). He means here that through the study of art and through the study of the works of man, man himself is able to learn a great deal not only about himself but also about his essence. Wolff’s statement further implies that people who observe art, according to Aristotle, may just be observing certain specific things but through which, they can â €Å"grasp the real nature of things.† (65) The Poetics also tells the reader about Aristotle’s theory of catharsis, which means that â€Å"art has a psychologically healthy effect on the spectator† (64). According to Wolff, this statement implies that art is an effective means of self-expression and one which brings not only wisdom but also release (64). However, these principles contradict those of Plato. In the Republic, Plato criticizes art as something that destroys the rational capacity of man and something that leads him away from the world of forms, which, according to Plato was the real world (64). However, Aristotle maintains that not only does art promote a healthy psychological make-up but that it also leads one to a realization of his essence. These teachings of Aristotle has remained helpful not only to the Greeks of his time but even to the world at present, thus Aristotle’s relevance to the humanities. Ethics: The Nichomachean Ethics Aristo tle’s contributions to aesthetics cannot, however, equal those he gave ethics. It is a fact that the ideas of right and wrong, of good and evil, and of morality itself can never be derived from scientific inquiry but only through the humanities, specifically through ethics. Aristotle’s glorious masterpiece on ethics, the Nichomachean Ethics, has provided people the guidelines on how to live a virtuous life since the time of 4th century BC Greece until now. In the Nichomachean Ethics, Aristotle makes it clear that â€Å"the good for man is an activity of the soul in accordance with virtue [or] the best and most perfect [virtue]† (Aristotle, Nichomachean Ethics, I.7). This virtue, or moral virtue, that Aristotle has ascribed most of his ethical principles on is â€Å"the submission of one’s feelings and outward acts to reason (Kilcullen) since â€Å"man, in the Aristotelian system, is a rational animal† (Durant 59). The key words therefore are †Å"rational† and â€Å"reason† and it follows that one who abides by the dictates of his reason is one is who is virtuous. This simply means that if one does

Types Of Films And Films Narrative Essay Example for Free

Types Of Films And Films Narrative Essay Fiction something that does not exist in real life; Contrasted with Documentary films, Fiction does not purport to deal with factual information. However, there are also Documentary-Fiction combinations like in the JFK film. In JFK, the filmmaker incorporated found footage to give it a semblance of reality.   Ask your classmates for a show of hands, who has watched JFK? Documentary Please refer to the table above for the distinctions. Ask your classmates for documentaries that they have watched and point out the devices employed by these documentaries they volunteered.   Briefly discuss how The Blair Witch Project is of the subgenre, mockumentary, to supplement the discussion in the Film Art book. Ask questions about the accuracy and reliability of documentaries. Discuss the impact of Al Gore’s An Inconvenient Truth as a popularized documentary for the purpose of environmental advocacy. Ask your classmates if they find documentaries convincing or just bordering on propaganda? Why is Michael Moore a controversial figure? Animation Please refer to the table above for the distinctions. Ask your classmates for animated films that they have watched and point out the devices employed by these animated they volunteered.   To supplement the book discussion, mention the other concepts and subgenres under animation such as: rotoscoping technique (like in Richard Linklater’s films, Waking Life and A Scanner Darkly), Japanese anime films (Voltes V, Daimos, Princess Mononoke), Computer Graphics Interface (CGI like Finding Nemo, Happy Feet, iMAX 3D animated features) in contrast to old celluloid techniques (manually drawing and painting on celluloid sheets that are overlapped and shot frame by frame). See more: how to start a narrative essay Experimental and Avant-Garde Please refer to the table above for the distinctions. Ask your classmates for experimental films that they have watched and point out the devices employed by these experimental films they volunteered. Discuss the Japanese-American film, Eiga Zuke, or Pickled Film, through the technique employed by the filmmaker. Here, the abstract splotches were created by soaking the negative in â€Å"pickling agents† before processing it into film stock. Experimental films generally have no rules, emphasizing self-expression and exploratory techniques. Ask your classmates what kind of experimentation they would eventually like to try in their own films in the future? Defining Genres: (Mental Note: Picture S-T-E-M, Subject, Theme, Emotional Effect, Manner of Presentation) Subject: Give an example of a film with a specific subject, like a biography, the subject is the life of the protagonist.   Theme: Give an example, like a Western, where the theme is resolving conflict between law and order forces, versus outlaws, bandits or Indian communities. Distinct Emotional Effect like in Horror movies and thrillers, these are calculated to make the audience feel horrified. These films challenge the sensibilities of what the audience perceives as normal. Manner of presentation: Give an example of a film, like a Musical, where the characters clearly engage in singing and dancing to communicate aspects of the plot Always remember that Genre Mixing is common and that there are certain innovations in film that challenge the preconceived notions established in that genre. This is a reflection of the social process that includes a transforming social milieu. For example, the film Aliens, portrays Ripley as a strong feminist character who is also a caring mother. Chapter 4: NARRATIVE AS A FORMAL SYSTEM STATE: The Story-Plot distinction suggests that you want to give someone a synopsis of a narrative film, you can proceed in 2 ways: 1. Summarize the story, starting from the earliest incident which the plot cues you, then infer straight through to the end.2. Tell the plot, starting with the first incident you encountered in watching the film 3 Aspects of Narrative: (Mental Note: Picture Ca-T-S , Causality, Time, Space) Narration: the Flow of Story Information Openings, Closings and Patterns of Development Refer to the table to discuss the distinctions and cite examples from the book. In the classical Hollywood narrative, the chain of actions that result from predominantly psychological causes tends to motivate most or all other narrative events. if the characters did not desire something to be different from the way it is at the beginning of the narrative, change would not occur. Discuss a short excerpt from the Citizen Kane film and analyzes the aspects by showing them the plot segmentation in the book. Integrate all the concepts discussed so far in the Citizen Kane class discussion. Don’t forget to thank your audience after your presentation. Works Cited Bordwell, D. and Kristin Thompson. â€Å"Types of Films.† Film Art: An Introduction. Location: Publisher, Year. 42-61 Bordwell, D. and Kristin Thompson. â€Å"Narrative as a Formal System.† Film Art: An Introduction. Location: Publisher, Year. 89-113

The Role of Women in Marjane Satrapis Persepolis Essay -- Muslim Wom

Throughout Persepolis, Marjane Satrapi displays the vital role that the women around her have in developing her character and becoming the woman she is today. Women such as her mother, her grandmother, her school teachers, the maid, the neighbors, and even the guardians of the revolution influenced Marjane and caused her to develop into an independent, educated, and ambitious woman. Throughout the novel, Marjane never completely conforms or lets go of her roots, this is primarily due to the women who have influenced her. Marjane’s mother was one of the most influential people in her life, her mother taught her to be strong and independent. By introducing her mother through the story of her mother getting photographed at a demonstration, Marjane presents her mother as being independent and rebellious (Satrapi 5). Later in the novel Marjane’s mother argues with her father to allow Marji to come to a demonstration with them, she claims it is Marji’s time to â€Å"defend her rights as a woman† (76). Because her mother taught Marji that it is okay for a woman to rebel and speak her mind, Marji never hesitates to speak up and will not conform and allow herself to become just another veiled, female traditionalist. Marjane’s mother shows her acceptance of Marjane as an independent woman when she visits her in Austria and asks her for a cigarette (204). Marjane’s mother is not ignorant, nor does she hold her daughter back to the rules of society. She knows Marji is grown up and treats her as an adult, allowing Marji not only to view their relationship in a different way but also to view herself in a different way: an independent adult who can make her own choices. Another major role model in Marjane’s life was her grandm... ...Marji to realize that the culture’s idolization of martyrs is completely warped. Throughout the rest of the novel Marji never truly escapes the pain that witnessing so much death has caused her, in Austria she tires drugs and love to comfort her, but nothing works the gruesome picture is never able to escape her mind. Marji is impacted be the courageous women came before her, the women that die unjustly, and even the women who attempt to take away her individuality. Throughout the novel Marji is constantly trying to figure out who she is and who she is going to become. But by the end of the novel Marji evolves into an independent woman who does what she wants with her life to make her happy, something that would never have happened without the influence of women throughout her life. Works Cited Satrapi, Marjane. Persepolis. Pantheon; First Edition, 2004

Black Swan: A Film Review Essay

Everyone has heard of ballet, some perhaps just that, while others practice it or just enjoy watching it on stage. Most people have also heard of Swan Lake, maybe even saw it performed in one or another adaptation, as there are many. Then there is Black Swan directed by Darren Aronofski, which leaves most other adaptations in the shade. Darren Aronofski is a most certainly an ingenious director; he’s proven that with Black Swan, as well as with his previous films which, according to Ryan Fleming, â€Å"can justifiably be classified as being disturbingly brilliant, or brilliantly disturbed depending on your point of view, and Black Swan is no different. † Darren Aronofski’s Black Swan is a psychological thriller; the main storyline revolves around Nina Sayers, portrayed by Natalie Portman. Nina is a ballet dancer in the New York City ballet company. Nina’s devoted her entire life to ballet, she does not care about relationships with other people as long as she can dance; she desires to be perfect in every possible way. Both her devotion to ballet and the longing for perfection are fuelled by her mother Erica, a former ballet dancer of moderate success. However, despite Nina’s self-imposed isolation from the rest of the dancers, she sees a rival in Lily (Mila Kunis) when it is announced the role of the Swan Queen has emptied. Much to Nina’s surprise, the role becomes hers. But there is a catch – the director, Thomas Leroy (Vincent Cassel), wants one dancer to play the characters of both the White Swan and the Black Swan, two opposites. In spite Nina’s excellent skills and performance, Thomas fears she is not entirely fit to play the role of the Black Swan, and thus he imposes his own methods to make Nina’s true self emerge. Nina is not aware of that, and when combined with her desire for perfection, it causes her psyche to fluctuate; she even begins to hallucinate, In the end, Nina achieves the so much desired perfection, but for a heavy price. Portman’s portrayal of the character Nina is, without a doubt, one of her best performances ever and truly breathtaking. The character is immensely expressive and she pushes everything from one scene to the other, from one point to the other, all the way up to the end. The film more or less follows the traditional dramatic triangle: the slow escalation and the build-up of the tempo towards the climactic resolve. Nina’s fluctuating personality ollows that path, and she drives everything with it; somewhere along the escalating way, her psyche splits and manifests itself in a surprising manner. It is difficult to draw a line between the reality and the imaginary, between the truth and the illusion. The story as such, Nina’s psychological development, is greatly supported by both visual and sound effects. The impact the film leaves you with would not be the same without those effects; they add an even more subtle feeling of mental exertion. Nina’s scratches and body deformations (a result of her fluctuating personality and hallucinations), for example, look as real(istic) as possible. The climactic end could as well resemble an avalanche. The tempo intensifies, it is almost without control; the rapid changes of scenes, colours and sounds, supported by music, leave the audience without much time to think about what is going on. In the climax, Nina becomes the embodiment of the Swan Queen, her winged shadow reflected on the back wall of the stage; and then the Queen falls. The downfall is Nina’s end after she has fulfilled her desires, wishes and dreams. All in all, if you want to get blown away, then Black Swan is indeed a film you must see. It is magnificent and, as Peter Bradshaw puts it, â€Å"ionospherically over the top, and some of its effects are overdone, but it is richly, sensually enjoyable and there is such fascination in seeing Portman surrender to the madness and watch her face transmute into a horror-mask like a nightmare version of Maria Callas. Brace yourselves before you watch it, make sure you are not one of those with a sensible disposition, it might be too much for you then. You will either like or hate Black Swan, the middle path is virtually impossible to take. It is a film you watch once as it shall remain in your head permanently. A true masterpiece worth every single minute.

The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison

The literary piece â€Å"The Bluest Eye,† written by Toni Morrison and published in circa 1970, has centered on the story of an eleven-year-old female character, Pecola Breedlove (Foerstel, 2002). The central theme that has been apparent in the story is the desire of Pecola to have white skin, blonde hair, and blue eyes. Not only does she want a set of blue eyes but she actually wants the bluest shade of blue that there is.Her desires for this kind of physical appearance stems from her idea that those who are given these physical features are given or are receiving a certain kind of privilege from the society because of the stigma associated with it. Chloe Anthony Wofford, more popularly known as Toni Morrison, is the second of four Black children who belonged to a family who worked their way to living (â€Å"Toni Morrison: Biography,† 1993). She was born in 1931 in Ohio and proceeded to earn her degree in prestigious universities, more specifically Howard and Cornell U niversity (â€Å"Toni Morrison: Biography,† 1993).She has earned her positions in credible institution both in the academic ladder and in writing (â€Å"Toni Morrison: Biography,† 1993). Later on, she made an impact through the novels she made that showed the plight of the Black Americans that contained narratives of different characters’ lives (â€Å"Toni Morrison: Biography,† 1993). With the novels she made, she has earned several awards and recognition from different award-giving bodies in the field of literature that even included the Pulitzer Prize for the year 1988 (â€Å"Toni Morrison: Biography,† 1993).Summary of the Novel In Morrison’s novel, â€Å"The Bluest Eye,† Pecola has shown to be a girl who is born to parents who lived difficult lives in their past. Pecola’s mother, Pauline, has lived in isolation, often beaten up by his husband who she often provokes to do such, and only feels worth at work where she is made t o clean the house of a White woman. On the other hand, Pecola’s father, Cholly, is a drunkard whose current state of misery is blamed to his parents abandoning him when he was still a child.He is made to live with his great aunt and an experience he could not forget is the incident where he felt humiliated when to White men caught him cohabiting and sexually exploited him. Soon, he found where his father is but the latter refused to take him in his life and later on met Pauline. They built a life together but soon, love is lost between them and they have both lost everything they had. Pecola came to their lives but she has also received failures from the personal angst of her parents.She has adopted the desires of being White from her mother as they both think that it is their only way to draw acceptance from the society they live in. It has served as an important part of their lives to desire for the physical features of a White individual because it somehow gives them hopes of being in a better condition than what they have now. However, it gives them frustrations, too, as society continuously rejects them and presses on their being Black as the very reason why they are treated badly. As for the miseries of Cholly, he ends up raping Pecola out of both guilt and emotional feelings for his child.Pecola becomes pregnant but the baby dies and her father decides to rape her for the second time. After this, she becomes lunatic which is the time when she thought that she had the bluest eye there is. Approach to the Novel The novel, during the time of its publication, has taken a different course from the usual ones taken by the Black women writers, who, in their literary works, meant to â€Å"destroy negative stereotypes of Black women, to present the relationship between Black men and women as ‘complimentary,’ and to affirm the Black family and community† (Dubey, 1994, p.33). It has been exceptionally regarded as a literary piece that ha s laid before its audience the problems within the selves of the Black community that requires attention in order for them to proceed into accepting that they are a race equally superior and equally beautiful as the White (Dubey, 1994). While they condemn the disparities between the White and the Blacks, within them are the desires to be among the White people.Their condemnations arise from the issues they have with regard to their acceptance in a society dominated by the White people and they see that assimilation to this particular culture is the means through which they could fight it but is actually not. As shown in the novel of Morrison, it is best to realize the psychological and social impacts of the desires to be White in order to fully acquire an identity for the Black community (Dubey, 1994).Moreover, it should be understood that the work of Morrison requires an understanding of the history of the Black community as they tried to establish a place for their selves in the s ociety where they live in. There is a common factor which should be targeted, which is the presence of direct and indirect discrimination against the Black community. Through time, it has become apparent that there is really a big difference with how White and Black individuals are treated. Moreover, the source for the discrimination felt by the Blacks should be understood in order to understand the novel.This is because the source of the Black characters in the story stems from a real-life dilemma that is not explicitly stated in the text. There is a need to unravel the true cause for the behavior of the characters in order to understand the way they feel and the way they are in terms of their relationship with society. Traditional beliefs, Practices, and Artistic Forms â€Å"The Bluest Eye† also contains elements of traditional beliefs, practices, and artistic forms in the later life of Pecola.When she became pregnant, Claudia and Frieda McTeer, children of the couples whom Pecola lived with, used their money in order to buy marigold seeds. They believed that if this would bear flowers, then the baby of Pecola would live, which is what they wanted despite the opposite stance of the people in their community. The money they used in order to buy the seeds is originally meant for the bicycle they wanted to buy for themselves but because of the importance and great belief they put on this practice, they prioritized the seeds instead of the bike.Their belief on this particular practice is further reinforced as the plant does not bloom and the baby of Pecola dies, which they could correlate because of the incident. Moreover, it has shown that the artistic manner of communication by the Blacks has been adopted by Morrison. The author wants to present the â€Å"aural literature† as she deliberately formed the sentences in such a way that a Black individual will be heard conversing to the audience and to other characters.To a certain extent, it pushes t he approach away from the typical written language but delves more into the spoken language (â€Å"Toni Morrison,† 2009). While there are critics who mentioned that â€Å"her prose is rich,† she claims that it is an inherent quality of the Black language (â€Å"Toni Morrison,† 2009). She treats the manner of speaking observed from the Black people to be a distinct and different set of language that forms a body of its own as modifications and creations have evolved to how they use this language now.Moreover, it is said that the novel and other literary pieces written in the same manner has replaced the role of music played by the Blacks before (â€Å"Toni Morrison,† 2009). However, replacement may not be the term intended for this but rather, they simply shared the same portion and works towards the same goals, because of the same purpose, but uses different means. Preserving the Black Language With the manner by which the author structured the words and the sentences, the Black language has become apparent throughout the text.The rich and poetic form that is embodied in the language of the Blacks is an element that the author wants to retain. This lies beneath the psychological and social themes of incest, racial discrimination, and desires to be White. It tries to preserve the approach of this language developed within this race through the experiences of the characters and the conversations included in the story. It has been mentioned earlier that the different forms of Black music has shared a role with the literary pieces in keeping the culture alive for the Black community.With the onset of popular culture and the desires for assimilation, it is important that the unique characteristics and the distinct nature of the Black culture be preserved together with their history and unique experiences. Adopting other Cultures and Traditions As the author means to direct the entire story towards the Black community, most of the culture s and traditions that have been presented come from that of the Blacks. However, it still relates the Black culture into the White because of the interaction between the two that served as the important aspect of the paper.The only element that is taken from the White culture is the seemingly distorted and limited view of beauty, which requires them to see it within a white-skinned, blonde, and blue-eyed individual. Better treatment and the regard for superiority of people fitting this description has been ingrained into the lives of the Black characters as it is adopted from the White culture. This is seen to be the condition of the people during the time of the narrator’s existence but is constantly changing as we now see it. References Dubey, M. (1994).Black women novelists and the nationalist aesthetic. Indianapolis, IN: Indiana University Press. Foerstel, H. (2002). Banned in the USA: A reference guide to book censorship in schools and public libraries. (2nd Ed. ). Westp ort, CT: Greenwood Publishing. Toni Morrison: Biography. (1993). Retrieved April 1, 2009, from http://nobelprize. org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1993/morrison-bio. html. Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye. † Retrieved April 1, 2009, from http://academic. brooklyn. cuny. edu/english/melani/cs6/morrison. html#black.

Free Essays on Neil Abercrombie

Neil Abercrombie Neil Abercrombie is a Democratic congressmen, who represents the first district of Honolulu, Hawaii in the House of Representatives. He have been involved in the political circuit since the 1970’s. This paper will give a brief Biography of Congressmen Abercrombie as well as a look into what he does for his constituents and how he gets his campaign finances. Congressman Neil Abercrombie was born in Erie County, buffalo New York on June 26, 1938. he graduated from Williamsville High School. Congressman Abercrombie received a B.A. degree in Sociology from Union College in Schenectady, N.Y. He also received a Masters degree in Sociology and a Ph.D. in American Studies from the University of Hawaii. Abercrombie began his political career in the Hawaii State House of Representatives in 1974. After two terms in the State House, he was elected to the State Senate in 1978. After serving for eight years in the State Senate, Congressmen Abercrombie was elected, as a Democrat, to the Ninety-ninth Congress in 1986. He was elected to Congress in a special election to fill the open seat caused by the resignation of Representative Cecil Heftel. Abercrombie was unsuccessful in reelection to the One Hundredth congress, but returned in 1990 to the Hundredth second, and has remained their ever since. Congressmen Abercrombie represents his constituents of Honolulu’s first district through his service on the Armed Services Committee and on the Tactical Air and Land Forces Subcommittee, as well as the Readiness and Projection Forces Subcommittees. He also serves on the Committee of Resources and its Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, Wildlife, and Oceans. Abercrombie's community activities include service on the boards of the Nuuanu YMCA, the Hawaii Special Olympics, the Epilepsy Foundation of America, the Life Foundation/AIDS Foundation of Hawaii and Amnesty International. Representative Abercrombie, on avera... Free Essays on Neil Abercrombie Free Essays on Neil Abercrombie Neil Abercrombie is a Democratic congressmen, who represents the first district of Honolulu, Hawaii in the House of Representatives. He have been involved in the political circuit since the 1970’s. This paper will give a brief Biography of Congressmen Abercrombie as well as a look into what he does for his constituents and how he gets his campaign finances. Congressman Neil Abercrombie was born in Erie County, buffalo New York on June 26, 1938. he graduated from Williamsville High School. Congressman Abercrombie received a B.A. degree in Sociology from Union College in Schenectady, N.Y. He also received a Masters degree in Sociology and a Ph.D. in American Studies from the University of Hawaii. Abercrombie began his political career in the Hawaii State House of Representatives in 1974. After two terms in the State House, he was elected to the State Senate in 1978. After serving for eight years in the State Senate, Congressmen Abercrombie was elected, as a Democrat, to the Ninety-ninth Congress in 1986. He was elected to Congress in a special election to fill the open seat caused by the resignation of Representative Cecil Heftel. Abercrombie was unsuccessful in reelection to the One Hundredth congress, but returned in 1990 to the Hundredth second, and has remained their ever since. Congressmen Abercrombie represents his constituents of Honolulu’s first district through his service on the Armed Services Committee and on the Tactical Air and Land Forces Subcommittee, as well as the Readiness and Projection Forces Subcommittees. He also serves on the Committee of Resources and its Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, Wildlife, and Oceans. Abercrombie's community activities include service on the boards of the Nuuanu YMCA, the Hawaii Special Olympics, the Epilepsy Foundation of America, the Life Foundation/AIDS Foundation of Hawaii and Amnesty International. Representative Abercrombie, on average, spends about five ... Free Essays on Neil Abercrombie Neil Abercrombie Neil Abercrombie is a Democratic congressmen, who represents the first district of Honolulu, Hawaii in the House of Representatives. He have been involved in the political circuit since the 1970’s. This paper will give a brief Biography of Congressmen Abercrombie as well as a look into what he does for his constituents and how he gets his campaign finances. Congressman Neil Abercrombie was born in Erie County, buffalo New York on June 26, 1938. he graduated from Williamsville High School. Congressman Abercrombie received a B.A. degree in Sociology from Union College in Schenectady, N.Y. He also received a Masters degree in Sociology and a Ph.D. in American Studies from the University of Hawaii. Abercrombie began his political career in the Hawaii State House of Representatives in 1974. After two terms in the State House, he was elected to the State Senate in 1978. After serving for eight years in the State Senate, Congressmen Abercrombie was elected, as a Democrat, to the Ninety-ninth Congress in 1986. He was elected to Congress in a special election to fill the open seat caused by the resignation of Representative Cecil Heftel. Abercrombie was unsuccessful in reelection to the One Hundredth congress, but returned in 1990 to the Hundredth second, and has remained their ever since. Congressmen Abercrombie represents his constituents of Honolulu’s first district through his service on the Armed Services Committee and on the Tactical Air and Land Forces Subcommittee, as well as the Readiness and Projection Forces Subcommittees. He also serves on the Committee of Resources and its Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, Wildlife, and Oceans. Abercrombie's community activities include service on the boards of the Nuuanu YMCA, the Hawaii Special Olympics, the Epilepsy Foundation of America, the Life Foundation/AIDS Foundation of Hawaii and Amnesty International. Representative Abercrombie, on avera...

Active role of the audience in watching Big Brother Australia Essay

Active role of the audience in watching Big Brother Australia - Essay Example Big Brother seems to be a global phenomenon as each locality outdoes the other, including its origin country Netherlands. Popular as it already is, networks are alleged to hype up matters to feed escalating rates and viewer statistics. In the Week ten episode of Big Brother, on July 1, a sexual misconduct, considered as a â€Å"taboo† or a violation of â€Å"house rules† was alleged to have happened. Male participants John and Ashley grabbed Camilla at around 4 in the morning, took her to a bed, with Ashley reportedly slapped her face while John held her down. The two were removed from the house with an escort. As active audience, mostly teenagers wondering what happened, the official website of Big Brother Australia was flooded with inquiries that it had to be pulled out. Another website, Behind Big Brother Australia, later claimed it was due to sexual harassment. The incident infuriated not only fans which basically form the active audience but also bystanders such as politicians.For me, as I do not favour sexual liberalism, I agree with the politicians that called out for the banning of the show. It is not that I am totally against it, but I am against the way the show is carried out with sexual innuendoes from start to finish. here is so much trouble already about sexually transmitted diseases such as AIDS, not to mention emotional battery one person undergoes when jilted, or abandoned by a lover, or partner, and to indulge in such circumstances is like playing with fire as can be equated to Big Brother show.

Outcome and Assessment Information Set Data that Predict Pressure Research Paper

Outcome and Assessment Information Set Data that Predict Pressure Ulcer Development in Older Adult Home Health - Research Paper Example According to the American Geriatics Association (2005), â€Å"Pressure ulcers are areas of tissue damage that develop when the skin and soft tissues (eg, muscle) are squeezed between the bones and the surface that is in contact with the body, such as a mattress.† These ulcers occur around areas such as hip, heel and buttocks. Methods The results of the research by Bergquist-Beringer and Gajewski, which was conducted among 5395 non-hospice patients of 60 years or older showed that bowel incontinence, needing assistance with grooming, dependence in ability to dress the upper body, dependence in ability to dress the lower body, dependence in toileting, inability to transfer, being chairfast or bedfast, and the presence of a PrU on admission were positively associated with new PrU development (Bergquist-Beringer and Gajewski, 2011). The factors raised in the researcher were therefore concluded as the risk factors for pressure ulcers for patients in home healthcare. In a similar re search conducted among 1711 nonhospice patients 60 years or older, Bergquist (2003) however came out with results that were not directly in line with the risk factors pointed out by the former researchers. Unlike the first researchers but not in sharp contrast to their results, Bergquist pointed to the risk factors for pressure ulcers for patients in home healthcare as Limitation in activity to bed, dependence in dressing, urinary incontinence, and needing assistance with transferring predicted Stage I pressure ulcer development (P